Polar bear habitat

Where do polar bears live?

Polar bears are found throughout the circumpolar Arctic...
  • along or near coasts
  • on islands
  • and most importantly, on sea ice.

Why is sea ice important?

Polar bears live on the annual arctic sea ice that provides a platform from which they can hunt, live, breed, and in some cases create maternal dens.

Sea ice is more than a simple platform: it is an entire ecosystem inhabited by plankton and micro-organisms, which support a rich food chain that nourishes seals that in turn become prey for polar bears.

It is the very foundation and defining characteristic of the arctic marine ecosystem.

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Ice in the Arctic Ocean

  • 29% of the Arctic Ocean remains frozen -- less each year.
  • Areas of ice that are at least 5 years old decreased by 56% between 1985 and 2007.
  • The oldest ice has essentially disappeared.

This time-lapse video from NASA shows how the extent of sea ice has changed since the 1980s.

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